Choosing between the .22 WMR (Winchester Magnum Rimfire) and the .17 HMR (Hornady Magnum Rimfire) can be tricky. Both are popular rimfire cartridges known for their accuracy and effectiveness on small game, but they have distinct differences that make one a better choice than the other depending on your specific needs. This detailed comparison will help you decide which cartridge best suits your shooting style and hunting objectives.
Power and Penetration: The Key Difference
The most significant difference between the .22 WMR and the .17 HMR lies in their power and penetration.
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.22 WMR: This cartridge packs considerably more punch. Its larger diameter (.224 inches) and heavier bullets (typically ranging from 30 to 45 grains) deliver significantly more energy and penetration. This makes it a more effective choice for hunting larger small game like rabbits, squirrels, and even some predators depending on shot placement and ethical hunting considerations. The increased power also means better performance in adverse weather conditions and thicker brush.
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.17 HMR: The .17 HMR, with its smaller diameter (.172 inches) and lighter bullets (typically 17 grains), offers less stopping power and penetration. However, it boasts impressive velocity and flat trajectory, leading to superior accuracy at longer ranges. This makes it an excellent choice for precise shots at smaller game like prairie dogs, ground squirrels, and similar targets. Its lighter recoil also makes it more comfortable for extended shooting sessions.
Table Summarizing Key Differences:
| Feature | .22 WMR | .17 HMR |
|---|---|---|
| Caliber | .224 inches | .172 inches |
| Bullet Weight | 30-45 grains | ~17 grains |
| Muzzle Velocity | Lower than .17 HMR | Higher than .22 WMR |
| Energy | Higher than .17 HMR | Lower than .22 WMR |
| Penetration | Greater than .17 HMR | Less than .22 WMR |
| Recoil | Higher than .17 HMR | Lower than .22 WMR |
| Best for | Larger small game, more penetration needed | Smaller game, longer-range accuracy |
| Cost | Generally less expensive per round | Generally more expensive per round |
Accuracy and Range
While both cartridges are known for accuracy, the .17 HMR generally exhibits a flatter trajectory and retains velocity better over longer distances. This makes it preferable for shots beyond 100 yards. The .22 WMR, while capable of good accuracy, suffers more from bullet drop and wind drift at longer ranges.
Ammunition Availability and Cost
Both cartridges are readily available, but the .22 WMR tends to be slightly more affordable. The .17 HMR, due to its higher manufacturing cost and specialized design, generally commands a higher price per round.
Recoil and Shootability
The .17 HMR's lighter recoil makes it a more comfortable option for extended shooting sessions, particularly for new shooters or those with sensitivity to recoil. The .22 WMR, while manageable, delivers a more noticeable kick.
Conclusion: Choosing the Right Cartridge
The ideal cartridge depends on your specific hunting or shooting needs.
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Choose the .22 WMR if: You need more stopping power and penetration for larger small game, or if you're working in denser brush or adverse weather conditions. A higher budget isn't a concern.
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Choose the .17 HMR if: You prioritize long-range accuracy and a flatter trajectory for smaller game, and recoil reduction is a factor. You're comfortable with a slightly higher price per round.
Ultimately, the best way to decide is to try both cartridges if possible and experience their unique characteristics firsthand. Consider the size of your game, your shooting distance, and your comfort level with recoil when making your decision.
