Choosing between a .45-70 revolver and a .500 S&W is like choosing between a brawny heavyweight boxer and a raging bull—both pack a serious punch, but their strengths and weaknesses differ significantly. This comparison dives deep into the ballistic characteristics, practical applications, and overall suitability of each cartridge and its associated firearms.
Ballistic Performance: Power and Recoil
The .500 S&W is undeniably the king of raw power in handguns. Its significantly larger diameter and heavier bullet deliver substantially more energy downrange. This translates to greater stopping power, especially against large game animals. However, this power comes at a price: extreme recoil. Managing the recoil of a .500 S&W requires significant strength and training. New shooters should approach this caliber with caution and proper instruction.
The .45-70 Government, while originating as a rifle cartridge, has found its way into some revolver designs. While not matching the .500 S&W's raw energy, the .45-70 still offers impressive stopping power, particularly with heavier bullets. The recoil, while substantial, is generally more manageable than the .500 S&W, making it a potentially better choice for shooters with less upper body strength or those newer to powerful handguns.
Bullet Weight and Velocity: A Closer Look
The difference in energy is apparent when comparing typical bullet weights and velocities. .500 S&W rounds often use heavier bullets (300-500 grains) at relatively high velocities, generating significantly more muzzle energy. .45-70 revolver rounds, while capable of using heavier bullets as well (300-500 grains), often have lower velocities due to the constraints of a revolver's shorter barrel length compared to a rifle.
Practical Applications and Use Cases
The .500 S&W shines in situations requiring extreme stopping power, such as hunting large and dangerous game. Its ability to take down even the most formidable animals makes it a popular choice among hunters, though its recoil makes extended shooting sessions challenging.
The .45-70 revolver, while not as powerful, remains a formidable self-defense and hunting option, particularly for larger animals within closer ranges. Its lower recoil allows for quicker follow-up shots, which can be critical in self-defense scenarios. The reduced recoil also makes it a more practical option for training and practice.
Beyond Hunting: Other Considerations
Beyond the hunting arena, both calibers have limited practical applications for self-defense. The sheer recoil of both makes accurate shot placement under stress incredibly difficult, making alternative calibers more suitable for personal protection. The size and weight of these handguns are also factors to consider for everyday carry.
Revolver Design and Reliability
Revolvers chambered in .45-70 and .500 S&W are often built to exceptionally high standards to handle the immense pressure generated by these cartridges. However, the sheer power these revolvers handle inevitably contributes to increased wear and tear on the firearm. Regular maintenance is critical for maintaining both safety and reliability.
Conclusion: Choosing the Right Heavyweight
The choice between a .45-70 revolver and a .500 S&W ultimately depends on your specific needs and capabilities. The .500 S&W delivers unmatched raw power for hunting dangerous game, but its extreme recoil demands a high level of strength and experience. The .45-70 revolver offers a more manageable recoil with still significant stopping power, making it a viable option for hunters and experienced shooters looking for a powerful handgun. Always prioritize safety and choose a caliber appropriate for your skill level and intended use. Remember, proper training and understanding of firearm safety are paramount before handling any high-powered handgun.
