The iconic AK-47, a symbol of military might and enduring design, is almost universally associated with its original 7.62x39mm caliber. However, the adaptability of the platform has led to numerous conversions and custom builds chambered in other cartridges, including the widely popular 5.56x45mm NATO round. This article delves into the world of AK-47s chambered in 5.56, exploring the reasons behind the conversions, their performance characteristics, and the considerations for those interested in owning or building one.
Why Convert an AK-47 to 5.56?
Several factors drive the popularity of converting AK-47s to 5.56:
-
Ammunition Availability: 5.56x45mm NATO ammunition is significantly more readily available and often cheaper than 7.62x39mm, particularly in countries where it's the standard military round. This translates to reduced shooting costs and easier access to supplies.
-
Reduced Recoil: The lighter 5.56x45mm round produces noticeably less recoil than the 7.62x39mm, making the platform more manageable for both new and experienced shooters. This is especially beneficial for rapid follow-up shots and improved accuracy.
-
Improved Accuracy (Potentially): While the inherent accuracy of the AK platform is often debated, some argue that the lighter, faster 5.56 round can improve accuracy at longer ranges, especially when coupled with upgraded barrels and sights. However, this depends heavily on the quality of the conversion and the specific components used.
-
Modernization: Converting to 5.56 allows for the integration of modern accessories, such as rails for optics and tactical lights, which are often not easily adaptable to standard AK-47s.
The Mechanics of Conversion: What's Involved?
Converting an AK-47 to 5.56 is not a simple task and requires specialized tools and knowledge. It typically involves:
-
Barrel Replacement: This is the most crucial aspect, requiring a barrel specifically designed for 5.56x45mm. Using an improperly fitted or incorrectly chambered barrel can lead to catastrophic failure.
-
Magazine Adaption: Standard AK magazines for 7.62x39mm are incompatible with 5.56x45mm. This requires using magazines designed for 5.56 in an AK platform, or modifications to existing magazines (although this is less common and often unreliable).
-
Bolt Modifications (Often): The bolt may need to be modified or replaced to properly function with the 5.56 cartridge and ensure reliable feeding and extraction. Improper bolt modifications can result in malfunctions and safety hazards.
-
Potential Headspace Issues: Correct headspace is absolutely critical for safe and reliable operation. Improper headspace can lead to dangerous pressure issues within the firearm. This requires precise measurement and adjustment during the conversion process.
Considerations for 5.56 AK-47 Owners
-
Reliability: While many successful conversions exist, reliability can vary depending on the quality of the conversion, the parts used, and the maintenance performed. Thorough testing and regular cleaning are crucial.
-
Accuracy: Accuracy is dependent on several factors, including the quality of the barrel, ammunition used, and the shooter's skill. Expect variations in accuracy compared to other platforms designed specifically for 5.56.
-
Legal Restrictions: Always check local and national laws regarding firearm modifications and conversions before undertaking this project.
Conclusion: A Customized Classic
Converting an AK-47 to 5.56x45mm offers a unique blend of classic reliability and modern ammunition accessibility. However, it’s a complex modification that requires expertise and caution. Understanding the intricacies of the conversion process, potential challenges, and necessary safety precautions is vital before undertaking such a project. Improperly executed conversions can lead to dangerous malfunctions and compromise the firearm's safety. Always prioritize safety and seek guidance from experienced gunsmiths when modifying firearms.
