Are Polymer 80s Legal? A Comprehensive Guide to Understanding the Laws Surrounding 80% Lower Receivers
The legality of Polymer 80% lower receivers, often referred to as "Polymer 80s," is a complex and frequently debated topic. The short answer is: it depends on your location and how you use them. Federal law doesn't explicitly ban 80% lowers, but state and local laws vary significantly. This guide will break down the legal landscape surrounding these unfinished firearm parts.
What are Polymer 80% Lower Receivers?
Polymer 80% lower receivers are unfinished firearm frames or receivers made from polymer (plastic). Unlike completed firearm receivers, which are regulated under the National Firearms Act (NFA), 80% lowers are considered "parts" and are generally not subject to the same stringent regulations at the federal level. The "80%" refers to the fact that they require significant machining or milling to become functional firearm lowers. This often involves the use of specialized tools and potentially a degree of mechanical skill.
Federal Laws Regarding 80% Lowers
Currently, there's no federal law explicitly prohibiting the manufacture, sale, or possession of 80% lower receivers. However, federal law does regulate the completed firearm once the 80% lower is finished and assembled. This means that completing an 80% lower and building a functional firearm brings it under the purview of the Gun Control Act of 1968 (GCA), requiring serial numbers, background checks, and compliance with all other applicable federal firearms laws.
State and Local Laws: The Wild West of 80% Lower Regulation
This is where things get complicated. Many states have enacted laws that either restrict or outright ban the possession, sale, or manufacture of 80% lowers. Some states require background checks for the purchase of 80% lowers, while others have placed them under the same regulations as completed firearms. It's crucial to research your state's specific laws regarding 80% lowers before purchasing or possessing one. Even within a state, local ordinances might further restrict or regulate these items. Failing to comply with state or local laws can result in serious legal consequences.
Key Considerations for Responsible Ownership
Even in areas where 80% lowers are legal, responsible ownership is paramount:
- Understand your state and local laws: This is the single most important step. Ignorance of the law is not a defense.
- Proper assembly and compliance: Once completed, the firearm must comply with all federal, state, and local regulations, including serial number requirements and any registration mandates.
- Safe storage and handling: Treat the completed firearm like any other firearm, ensuring safe storage and responsible handling to prevent accidents.
- Legal ramifications of improper use: Using a firearm assembled from an 80% lower in the commission of a crime will lead to severe legal penalties.
Staying Informed About Evolving Legislation
The legal landscape surrounding 80% lowers is constantly evolving. New laws and regulations are frequently introduced at both the state and federal levels. Staying informed about these changes is crucial for responsible ownership and compliance. Consult with legal counsel specializing in firearms law for the most up-to-date and accurate information related to your specific location.
Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and should not be considered legal advice. Always consult with legal counsel to determine the legality of 80% lowers and their use in your specific jurisdiction.
