The Colt 1872 Open Top revolver, often overshadowed by its more famous successor, the Colt Single Action Army (SAA) Peacemaker, holds a significant place in firearms history. This article delves into the fascinating details of this iconic weapon, exploring its design, history, variations, and enduring legacy.
Design and Mechanics of the Colt 1872 Open Top
The Colt 1872 Open Top, sometimes referred to as the "Frontier Model," was a significant step forward in revolver technology, though it possessed some features that were subsequently improved upon in the SAA. Its defining characteristic, and the source of its name, is the open top cylinder. This exposed cylinder meant that loading and unloading were simpler compared to earlier designs, although it also meant greater exposure to the elements and debris.
This single-action revolver typically fired .44 Colt caliber cartridges, although variations existed. Its mechanism involved manually cocking the hammer to rotate the cylinder and prepare for firing. The relatively simple design, combined with the robust construction, made it reliable and durable, even under harsh conditions. The relatively large grip offered a solid hold, vital in the often rough environments where it was used.
Key Features:
- Open Top Cylinder: Allowed for easy loading and unloading but lacked protection from the elements.
- Single-Action Mechanism: Required manual cocking of the hammer before each shot.
- .44 Colt Caliber: Generally chambered for the powerful .44 Colt cartridge.
- Solid Construction: Built for durability and reliability in challenging environments.
The Colt 1872 Open Top's Historical Context and Use
The Colt 1872 Open Top saw widespread use during the westward expansion of the United States. It quickly gained popularity amongst cowboys, lawmen, and outlaws alike, playing a part in shaping the mythology of the American Old West. Its reliability and stopping power made it a favored sidearm in a time when the ability to defend oneself was paramount. While the SAA eventually surpassed it in popularity, the Open Top played a crucial role in influencing its design and widespread adoption.
Variations and Differences from the Peacemaker
While the Colt 1872 Open Top shares some design similarities with the Colt Single Action Army, there are several key differences. The most obvious is the open top cylinder, which the SAA addressed by incorporating a loading gate for easier and safer loading. The SAA also featured several refinements to the action and trigger mechanism, resulting in a smoother and more reliable shooting experience. The barrel length and overall dimensions also varied between the two models.
Collecting the Colt 1872 Open Top: Value and Identification
Original Colt 1872 Open Top revolvers are highly sought-after collector's items. Their historical significance, combined with their relative scarcity, contributes to their substantial value. Authenticating a genuine Colt 1872 Open Top requires expertise, due to the existence of numerous reproductions and replicas. Careful examination of markings, serial numbers, and overall condition is crucial in determining its authenticity and value.
Conclusion: A Legacy of the American Frontier
The Colt 1872 Open Top, while less famous than its successor, represents a pivotal moment in firearms history. Its design, influence on the Peacemaker, and role in the American Old West solidify its place as a legendary firearm. Understanding its design, history, and significance provides valuable insight into the development of firearms and the iconic imagery of the Wild West. For collectors and history enthusiasts alike, the Colt 1872 Open Top remains a fascinating and valuable piece of Americana.
