Mange in squirrels, while less common than in some other animals, is a real and concerning condition. It's crucial to understand what it is, how it affects squirrels, and what signs to look for. This isn't just about cute fluffy creatures; understanding this can help wildlife rehabilitators and concerned citizens alike.
What is Mange?
Mange isn't a single disease, but rather a symptom caused by parasitic mites burrowing into the skin. These mites, belonging to various genera like Sarcoptes, Demodex, and Cheyletiella, irritate the skin, causing intense itching, hair loss, and skin lesions. Different mites cause different types of mange, leading to varying symptoms.
Types of Mites Affecting Squirrels:
While specific mite species affecting squirrels are not always readily documented in readily available sources, the general principles of mange remain the same. The mites causing mange in squirrels likely belong to genera commonly affecting other rodents. This includes:
- Sarcoptes scabiei: This mite causes scabies, a highly contagious form of mange.
- Demodex: These mites live in hair follicles and are usually less contagious.
- Cheyletiella: These mites cause walking dandruff, a less severe form of mange.
Recognizing Mange in Squirrels
Identifying mange in squirrels requires careful observation. Look for these telltale signs:
Common Symptoms:
- Hair loss: This is often patchy at first, appearing as bald spots, especially around the head, ears, and paws. Severe cases can lead to almost complete hair loss.
- Intense itching: Squirrels with mange will scratch and groom excessively, leading to possible skin damage.
- Scabs and crusts: The irritated skin may develop scabs and crusts, often containing mite droppings.
- Redness and inflammation: The skin underneath the hair loss may be red and inflamed.
- Thickened skin: In advanced cases, the skin can thicken and become leathery.
- Weakness and lethargy: Severe mange can weaken the squirrel, making it lethargic and less active.
What to Do If You Suspect Mange
If you suspect a squirrel has mange, do not attempt to treat it yourself. Wild animals require specialized care, and improper treatment can be harmful. Contact your local wildlife rehabilitation center or animal control. They have the expertise and resources to properly diagnose and treat the squirrel.
Prevention and Control
Preventing mange in wild squirrel populations is challenging. However, maintaining a healthy environment can contribute to a stronger immune system in the animals, making them less susceptible to parasitic infections.
Important Considerations:
- Hygiene: While not directly applicable to wild squirrels, good hygiene practices in areas where squirrels frequent can indirectly help.
- Population Control: Overpopulation can stress the animals, potentially weakening their immune systems.
- Early Detection: Early detection is key to effective treatment and limiting the spread of mange within a population.
Conclusion
Mange in squirrels is a serious condition that can lead to significant distress and even death. Recognizing the signs and seeking help from wildlife professionals is crucial for the well-being of these animals. Remember, observing wildlife from a distance is always the best approach, and handling wildlife should only be done by trained professionals.
