The iconic film "Quigley Down Under" immortalized the Sharps 1874 rifle, captivating audiences with its accuracy and power. But what exactly was the caliber of this legendary firearm, and what makes it so historically significant? This article delves into the specifics of the rifle's caliber, its role in the film, and its place within the broader context of 19th-century firearms technology.
The .45-70 Government Caliber: A Closer Look
The Sharps rifle featured prominently in "Quigley Down Under" was chambered in the .45-70 Government cartridge. This powerful black powder cartridge, officially adopted by the U.S. Army in 1873, boasts a significant historical footprint. The ".45" refers to the approximate bullet diameter of 0.458 inches, while "70" represents the approximate weight of the black powder charge in grains.
Why the .45-70?
The selection of the .45-70 for the film was deliberate. Its potent stopping power and relatively long range made it a formidable weapon for hunting and warfare in the late 19th century. These qualities are showcased dramatically in the film, emphasizing Quigley's exceptional marksmanship and the rifle's capabilities. The .45-70's effectiveness against both game animals and human targets was a crucial element in the film's narrative.
Beyond the Film: The Historical Significance of the .45-70 Government
The .45-70 Government's legacy extends far beyond its cinematic portrayal. It played a crucial role in several significant conflicts, including:
- The Indian Wars: The .45-70 was a standard-issue cartridge for the U.S. Army during the late 19th-century conflicts with Native American tribes.
- The Spanish-American War: It also saw action in this conflict, solidifying its reputation as a reliable and effective military round.
- Hunting: Its power and accuracy made it a favored cartridge among big game hunters throughout the West.
Its enduring popularity is a testament to its versatility and stopping power. Even today, the .45-70 remains a popular choice for hunters and collectors, continuing its legacy as a powerful and historically significant cartridge.
The Sharps Rifle and its Mechanism: A Technical Overview
The Sharps rifle's design was groundbreaking for its time. Its single-shot falling-block action provided exceptional accuracy and reliability. This mechanism allowed for a smooth and consistent firing process, contributing to the rifle's reputation for precision. The use of a relatively heavy bullet and powerful cartridge further enhanced its long-range accuracy. This precision, so vividly portrayed in the film, was a direct result of the rifle's ingenious design and the caliber's inherent ballistics.
Conclusion: More Than Just a Movie Prop
The .45-70 Government caliber in "Quigley Down Under" is more than just a prop; it's a symbol of a bygone era of firearms technology. Its historical context, powerful performance, and iconic status in the film combine to make it a fascinating subject for firearms enthusiasts and history buffs alike. The enduring legacy of both the .45-70 and the Sharps rifle is a testament to their lasting impact on the American West and beyond.
