What Questions Do They Ask on a Police Polygraph Test?
The polygraph, often called a lie detector test, is a controversial tool used in police investigations. While not admissible as evidence in many courts, it can still influence investigations and even plea bargains. Understanding the types of questions asked during a police polygraph is crucial for anyone facing such a test. This article will explore the common question types, their purpose, and the overall process.
Understanding the Polygraph Process:
Before diving into the questions, it's important to understand the basic structure of a polygraph examination. The process usually involves several stages:
- Pre-test Interview: The examiner will conduct a thorough interview to gather background information about the case and establish a rapport with the subject. This stage is crucial because the examiner will use this information to craft relevant questions.
- Question Formulation: Based on the pre-test interview, the examiner will develop a series of questions. These are typically categorized into different types.
- Physiological Monitoring: Sensors are attached to measure physiological responses such as heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, and skin conductivity (perspiration).
- The Test: The subject will be asked a series of questions while their physiological responses are monitored.
- Post-test Interview: The examiner will analyze the data and discuss the results with the subject. This stage often involves further questioning and clarification.
Types of Questions Asked During a Police Polygraph:
The questions asked during a polygraph are carefully chosen and categorized. The most common types include:
1. Irrelevant Questions: These are neutral questions unrelated to the case. Examples include: "Is your name John Doe?" or "Is today Tuesday?" These questions help establish a baseline for the subject's physiological responses.
2. Relevant Questions: These questions directly address the issue under investigation. For example, if the investigation concerns a theft, relevant questions might include: "Did you steal the money from the office?" or "Were you in the office on the night of the theft?" These are the key questions the examiner is analyzing.
3. Control Questions: These questions are designed to elicit a deceptive response from a truthful subject. They are broader than relevant questions and relate to general behaviors rather than the specific crime. Examples might include: "Have you ever lied to avoid trouble?" or "Have you ever taken something that didn't belong to you?" The idea is that an innocent person should show more physiological response to these broader questions, as they are admitting to general wrongdoing.
4. Symptomatic Questions: These questions delve into the subject's emotional state and their knowledge of the crime. Examples might include: "Do you know who committed this crime?" They help the examiner assess the subject's level of involvement.
Interpreting the Results:
It's crucial to understand that the polygraph's accuracy is highly debated. The results are interpreted based on the comparison of physiological responses to different question types. A significant difference in response between relevant and control questions might suggest deception, while a lack of such difference might suggest truthfulness. However, many factors can influence these results, including stress, anxiety, and medication.
Legal Considerations:
The admissibility of polygraph results in court varies greatly depending on jurisdiction. In many places, they are inadmissible due to concerns about accuracy and reliability. However, the results can still significantly influence investigations and negotiations.
Conclusion:
While the precise questions asked on a police polygraph will vary depending on the specifics of the case, understanding the general categories of questions is essential. This knowledge can help prepare individuals facing such a test, enabling them to approach the process with greater awareness and potentially minimize the risks involved. Remember to always seek legal counsel if you are facing a polygraph test as part of a police investigation. This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice.
